一、不定詞（Infinitive）的用法           
→不定詞的形式：「to+原形動詞」，具有名詞、形容詞或副詞性質的動詞型態
→具有名詞性質的不定詞可當主詞、受詞、補語
1.      To learn English well is easy for us. 〈對我們來說，學好英文很容易。〉
=It is easy for us to learn English well.
2.     Sally  likes to read novels. 〈莎莉喜歡看小說。〉
3.      To see is to believe. 〈百聞不如一見。〉
=Seeing is believing.
4. Dad asked me to help him. 〈爹要我幫他忙。〉
5. The teacher told us not to watch too much TV.
〈老師叫我們不要看太多電視。〉
 
→不定詞的省略
 
主詞
使役動詞
let, make, have
 
受詞
 
(to省略) +原形動詞…
感官動詞
see, watch, look at, hear, 
listen  to
一般動詞
 help
6. I heard Helen sing/singing a song yesterday. 〈昨天我聽到海倫唱歌。〉
 
二、動名詞(Gerund)的用法
→動名詞的形式：V-ing，具有名詞與動詞的性質
→動名詞的用法：當主詞、受詞、補語
7. Listening to English songs is fun. 〈學英文歌曲是有趣的。〉
= To listen to English songs is fun.
    = It is fun to listen to English songs.
8. I enjoy going swimming and hikinmg on the weekend.
〈我喜歡在週末去游泳和健行。〉
9. Learning English is just like playing basketball.
 〈學英文就像打籃球一樣《有趣》。〉
10. You can learn more by asking more questions.
 〈你可以藉著問問題而學得更多。〉
11. Here are some tips for becoming a good learner.
〈這些是成為一位好的學習者的秘訣。〉
12. Teaching is learning. 〈教學相長。〉
  
三、動名詞和不定詞當受詞者
13.
主詞 + want (need, hope, decide, would like, would love…) + to-V
A: Would you like to go to the beach with us?
B: I’d like to, but I have to do my homework.
〈A: 你想要跟我們去海邊嗎？
    B: 我想去，但是我必須寫功課。〉
14.
主詞 + enjoy (finish, practice, spend, mind…) + V-ing
 Joseph spent NT$2,000 buying five fans.
 〈約瑟夫花200元買了五把扇子。〉
15.
主詞 + try ( begin, start, like, love, hate) +
 
 to-V
 V-ing
I hate to eat  the same food every day.
       = eating
 〈我討厭每天吃一樣的食物。〉

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反身代名詞
I → myself
we → ourselves
you → yourself
you → yourselves
he → himself
 
they → themselves
she → herself
it → itself

1. 主詞與受詞是同一人時，受詞用反身代名詞。
     He is looking at himself in the water.

2. 反身代名詞不可當主詞，但可和主詞連用作同位語使用，也可放句末。
    I myself can do the work.
   She can do the work herself.

3.  反身代名詞的人稱、數、性別，須和相關的主詞一致。
    The man always talks to himself.
    The cat washes its face itself.

4. 反身代名詞的慣用語
    DIY (Do It Youself)
    Please make yourself at home.  (請不要拘束，放輕鬆。)
    Help yourselves to the food, kids.  (孩子們，自己取用食物。)
   The girl can’t dress herself.  (這女孩不會自己穿好衣服。)
   Dobby always blames himself.  ( Dobby總是責備自己。)
   We have a good time. = We have fun. = We enjoy ourselves.
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感恩節（Thanksgiving Day）是美國和加拿大共有的節日，原意是為了感謝上天賜與的好收成。在美國，自1941年起，感恩節是在每年11月的第四個星期四，並從這一天起將休假三天。像中國的春節一樣，在這一天，成千上萬的人們不管多忙，都要和自己的家人團聚。加拿大的感恩節則起始於1879年，是在每年10月第二個星期一，與美國的哥倫布日相同。另外，韓國人也慶祝感恩節，這一傳統與北美的感恩節無關。他們將感恩節定於中秋節的同一日。

感恩節的由來要一直追溯到美國歷史的發端。1620年，著名的“五月花”號船滿載不堪忍受英國國內宗教迫害的清教徒102人到達美洲。1620年和1621年之交的冬天，他們遇到了難以想像的困難，處在饑寒交迫之中，冬天過後，活下來的移民只剩50來人。基於「來者是客」的信念與習俗，印第安人給這些移民送來了生活必需品，並且教導他們狩獵、捕魚和種植玉米、南瓜等等生存方法。在印第安人的幫助下，來自歐陸的新移民逐漸習慣了在當地的生存方式。在歡慶豐收的日子，歐陸新移民邀請印第安人一同感謝上天的賜予。

許多人認為，美國第一個感恩節就是印第安人與新移民第一次齊聚感謝上天賜予的那一天。但是，對許多印第安人來說，這並不是第一次人們齊聚一堂感謝上天的經驗。對於一些新英格蘭的印第安人來說，他們早有感恩節慶的存在。這些印第安人一年舉行六次感恩節慶，他們依照不同時節舉行感恩的儀式。在秋季收成時節舉行的感恩儀式，對於這些印第安人來說，是他們一年中的第五次感恩節慶。一般人所知的「感恩節的由來」，事實上是第一次歐洲的新移民與印第安人一同感謝上天賜與的那一天，而非所謂「美國的第一個感恩節」。
 
火雞的英文名字Turkey，是因為歐洲人覺得火雞頭紅羽毛黑，像是土耳其人的服裝而得名。火雞在新移民來以前就一直是北美印地安人的食物，當然好心的印地安人也沒有藏私留一手。所以新移民在第一次收成慶祝時，吃對他們而言十分新奇又好吃的火雞就很合理了，再加上歐式填塞後再烘烤的料理方式，大大一隻又很好看，新移民就有了一道結合故鄉和新家鄉的菜色。火雞經過歐洲改良再被移民帶入美洲和原生種交配改良得到今日的品種。

資料來源：維基百科Wikipedia

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授與動詞(與格動詞)：
       它是及物動詞的一種，需要兩個受詞，一為直接受詞(指物)，一為間接受詞(指人)。
〈句型〉
             (A)   S  +  V  +    間接受詞(人)   +  直接受詞(物)
             (B)   S  +  V  +     直接受詞(物)   +   to / for /of   +   間接受詞(人)   
1.   用 to 的授與動詞 ：
          sell (賣)、give(給) 、lend (借出)、send (寄；送)、show (秀出)、 tell (告訴)、 write (寫)、 bring(帶來)
    例： Give me a flower.  (給我一朵花。)
          =Give a flower to me.

 2.  用 for 的授與動詞 ：
          buy(買)、choose(選) 、get (取來)、leave (留給)、make (做)
    例： Father bought  me a present.  (爸爸買給我一個禮物。)
          =Father bought a present  for me.

  3.  用 of 的授與動詞 ：  ask(問)
    例：I asked him a question.  (我問他一個問題。)
          =I asked a question of him.

 4.  直接受詞為代名詞時，必用句型(B)
    例： Denny sold it to me.  (Denny 把它賣給我。)
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France 法蘭西共和國
United Kingdom
（Britain, Great Britain）		 大不列顛及北愛爾蘭聯合王國
（英國）
United States of America 美利堅合眾國（美國）
Canada 加拿大
Egypt 埃及阿拉伯共和國
Japan 日本國

資料來源：Wikipedia
http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%97%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8_%28%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87%E6%8E%92%E5%88%97%29&variant=zh-tw

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  Jhongyuan Ghost Festival    2007/08/26
Fifteenth day of the seventh lunar month
(農曆七月十五日)
The seventh month on the lunar calendar is the Chinese Ghost Month. Traditionally, it starts from dawn on the first day, when the gates of the netherworld open, and A ends on the 29th day of the month, when the gates close. People holt rituals to petition for salvation from disasters and misfortune during the celebration, which reaches a peak on the 15th day.

Jhongyuan General Salvation Ceremonies
(中元普渡)
In folk tradition, on the day of Jhongyuan Festival every household has to prepare meat, fruits, fresh flowers, and other sacrificial items; they then offer these to the hungry ghosts at a temple, or on a temporary altar table set up in front of their homes. They also ask monks to say prayers for their deceased loved ones as well as those lost souls who have no living descendants left on earth. This is known as Jhongyuan Pudu, or General Salvation.
The ceremonies take place in temple and on streets. On the afternoon of the Pudu, local residents prepare offerings and carry them to the main altar at a temple to join in the ceremonies there. For the street festivities, local residents prepare chicken, duck, and fish for offerings in front of their homes in a ceremony known as doorway worship.

Launching of the Water Lanterns
(放水燈)
The launching of water lanterns is a longstanding custom. Its most important purpose is to help light the way for the lost souls in the water, call the souls to come on land to enjoy the offerings, and pray for the early reincarnation of these souls. It is also said that the farther a lanterns floats, the better the fortune that the clan it represents will enjoy in the coming year.

Grappling with the Ghosts
(搶孤)
Grappling with the Ghosts is a pole-climbing competitions held during the Ghost Month. In Taiwan today, it is carried out only in Toucheng, Yilan County and Hengchun, Pingtung County. Of these two locales, Toucheng, has the bigger celebration.
In the early days, people migrating to Yilan from Guangdong and Fujian provinces were beset by natural disasters, accidents, and disease, and many of them died. Because they became afraid that nobody was going to be left to make offerings after they were gone, and that their souls would have nowhere to go, every year during this festival they held pole-climbing ceremonies to remember those who had passed away. Since Toucheng was the first city in the Yilan area to be developed, residents of its eight major districts jointly hold the general salvation ceremony. They also chose the last day of the month-the day when the gates of the netherworld close-to hold a major pole-climbing competition. 

資料來源：http://eng.taiwan.net.tw/

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366天生日花。
有生日花含英文花名、花語。
http://hk.geocities.com/big_flower_world/birthdayIndex.html


像孫中山先生是11月12日生。
十一月十二日
生日花：風信子（Common Hyacinth）
花語：道德（Moral）
　　風信子被獻給西元四世紀時為了在土耳其建僧院，而執筆寫了許多提昇道德觀 念相關論文的聖僧。因此，風信子的花語就是－道德。
　　受到這種花祝福而生的人，是有潔癖且有道德的人。雖然品味高尚，但在戀愛 方面可就要特別留意了！年輕時如果不多談點戀愛，一旦狂戀起來就很容易受傷害 ，為了預防這樣不幸的結果，多談點戀愛也是人生必要的過程。

元旦出生的人嘛~
一月一日
生日花：繡球花（Laurustinus）
花語：希望（Hope）
　　原產在地中海的繡球花，一向以在嚴冬開花的常綠樹而聞名於世。寒冬時，乍見粉紅色的花蕾和白色的花朵，似乎在告訴人們春天的腳步近了。因此繡球花的花語就是－希望。
　　受到這滿花祝福而生的人，極富忍耐力和包容力。他會帶給許多人希望，自己的人生也非常的豐富。

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